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Termites eat cellulose. Cellulose is the most abundant organic compound on earth. To find other and wood cellulose sources, private highways are often constructed by termites .
Probably the termite nests are these made by the magnetic termite, Amitermes meridionalis, in Australia. These nests are oriented in a direction. Many species build mounds of shapes and sizes, while others nest in wood, underground from trees, or in the dirt.
The combined mass of termites in the world is estimated at 44 5 thousand tonnes, putting them alongside cows, krill, ants and people in the top ten.
As carbon recyclers, termites play a role outside our homes and therefore are considered keystone species such as savannah habitats such as people of northern Africa, Australia and South America, in many tropical ecosystems. They utilize gut excretions and saliva to create tunnels, which improves the quality of the soil.
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They become a feast for several animals across the tropics when winged adult termites emerge in the nest.
Termites evolved over 1 40 million decades back from cockroaches that burrowed into rotting wood. The nearest surviving relatives of termites are cockroaches in the genus Cryptocercus, located only in mountainous areas of Korea, China and North America.
Mum and dad Cryptocercus pair up and burrow into a huge log that will be their residence (and source of food) for life. After meeting, the female lays a single clutch of 10 or so offspring, they feed and look later for about three years roughly the life of a Cryptocercus. .
As termites evolved, their firstborn offspring began to look after the clutch of siblings, freeing mum and dad to create more sons and brothers. The elderly siblings stayed to build and defend the colony, and then feed and care for the young.
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The population of a colony nowadays can number in the millions. Each of the hens derive from of a single reproductive set (the queen and king).
From the Japanese Reticulitermes speratus, the king will outlive the queen. But the queen produces many half-clones of herself without any hereditary input from the king (a sort of virgin birth). These clones replace their mother, and all mate with all the king that is remaining. In one colony, over 600 of these queen-clones have been found, making it the largest harem. .
The vast majority of offspring within a colony will never reproduce. Instead, these soldier and worker termites stay in a state of development that is suspended, never becoming adults. Soldier termites attack predators to ensure the existence of the colony and have developed limbs or snouts that spray toxic chemicals.
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Employees sacrifice themselves through using an backpack. They do this by rupturing their epidermis, which generated modified substances that are harmful to some nearby predators and allows chemicals that are normally harmless to mix.
All of the efforts of soldiers and the employees go towards increasing a proportion of sisters and the brothers to maturity, usually. This select few will develop wings (all four of which see this here are nearly identical, hence the scientific name Isoptera significance equal wings), set up and promulgate the genes they share with their siblings back home. .
The dark regions under the ground of homes offer the environment for termites to emerge in the soil and make their highways that are covered into some mother-lode of wooden frames up foundations.
In Australia, about a billionDollars is spent every year on termite control. Although they are found throughout the entire world, house-eating termites are common in the tropical north. Just a few are considered pests, When there are over 300 species of termite.
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Their sophisticated network is their Achilles heel. Baits include slow-acting compounds that prevent termites or disrupt their systems. Workers voraciously here are the findings feed on the bait and return to the colony, where the poison is spread into their offspring, king and the queen.
But as one colony is killed, another is ready to take over. Termites have been around a long time and they're unlikely to go away anytime soon.